My one Point Presentation Essay

What are the three most grounded motivations to help your perspective? 1. Media Habits †Aggressive Attitudes and Behaviors 2. Effect on media savagery on children and youthful grown-ups on the ascent 3. Kids and grown-ups the same have gotten added substance I. Presentation Computer games have been in existed since the 1970’s, however it was not until the 1990’s that savage games grew up. Because of the various acts of mass violence since the 1990’s, it pulled in the consideration of country. Throughout the years, fierce computer games utilized both by youngsters and grown-ups have expanded. II. Body: 1. Media Habits †Aggressive Attitudes and Behaviors Master finding a. Youth brutality bringing about passings and wounds has immediate and circuitous expenses in overabundance of $158 billion every year. b. Computer game propensities are altogether identified with children’s unfriendly attribution scores, the recurrence with which they get into contentions with instructors (without anyone else report), their evaluations, and their degrees of antagonistic vibe. 2. Effect on media savagery on children and youthful grown-ups on the ascent? Insights a. 90% of U.S. youth matured eight to 18 play computer games, with young men averaging around 19 hours per week and young ladies 5 hours every week. b. 70% of fourth to twelfth graders report playing â€Å"Mature†-evaluated games (reasonable for those 17 and more seasoned), which contain the most realistic brutality of all. c. Youngsters and College understudies who had played the savage children’s game showed a 40% higher hostility rate than the individuals who had played a peaceful game. 3. Youngsters and grown-ups the same have gotten addictive. Declaration a. 10 percent to 15 percent of gamers meet the World Health Organization’s rules for compulsion. b. 88% of youngsters in the U.S. play computer games, demonstrating that up to 3,000,000 could be giving indications of compulsion c. Across the country overview †ages 8 to 18; found that 1 out of 12 youngsters give indications of conduct dependence on computer games. III. End Following 50 years of examining computer games and attempting to make sense of what the reason that vicious computer games have on children and youthful grown-up. We are still no nearer to knowing the specific answer. With games today being more practical and more bloody than any time in recent memory; yet it isn't at all certain whether, over longer periods, such a propensity improves the probability that an individual will carry out a savage wrongdoing, similar to murder, assault, or attack, considerably less a Newtown or Columbine slaughters. It is our duty to know our cutoff points withâ anything throughout everyday life, primary concern we will be considered responsible for our activities.

Henri Cartier

Henri Cartier-Bresson has been called dubious, undecided and accide Essay Henri Cartier-Bresson has been called obscure, undecided and accidental1 since his presentation as a photojournalistHenri Cartier-Bresson has been called ambiguous, conflicted and accidental1 since his introduction as a photojournalist. Enhanced and improved, crafted by the picture taker is uncovered in the entirety of its loftiness. While he may seem, by all accounts, to be a rushed man or an explorer without luggage2, to cite a couple of his titles, he is a writer, mindful to the demonstration of adoration made with each photo, and this is the place the virtuoso is uncovered. From an ideal separation, we find at the same time the geographer, who examinations the lastingness or powerlessness of societies; the ethnographer, who catches motions of work and customs of religion; the anthropologist, who mirrors the range of feelings; and the humanist, who uncovers the advancement of predeterminations and histories.3 Cartier-Bressons reliance and solid perspective on photography; to depen d entirely on the second in time, is the reason he will consistently be recollected. Conceived in 1908, Cartier-Bresson contemplated painting with Andre Lhote in Paris, at that point painting and writing at Cambridge University in 1928 and built up a genuine enthusiasm for photography in 1931. His work was first shown at the Julien Levy Gallery, New York, and first distributed in Vu magazine in 1932. He has been associated with various movies, for example, La Vie est a nous (1936), Le Regle du jeu (1939), his narrative film on the medical clinics of Republican Spain in 1937 and his film on the freedom of the inhumane imprisonments with Richard Banks called Le Retour (1945). His work has been shown at the Museum of Modern Art, New York in 1946, and in 1947 he became prime supporter of The Magnum photographic organization. He has distributed over twelve books and has had his photos imprinted in many magazines. Cartier-Bresson ventured to the far corners of the planet so he may report and present to others the human condition. His photos rise above a specific time or spot. Rather, they catch the very pith of life, be it Harlem, Madrid, Shanghai or the Paris lament Mouffetard (Ill. 2)4. In country Europe, quiet without the motor, and where everything was as yet done by creatures and individuals, he depicts, unaltered, a societys spellbinding attributes. Now and again his wonderful expectation towards topic is unintentionally socially charged, which makes his work even more intriguing5. Every one of Cartier-Bressons photos introduces itself not as a major aspect of an arrangement, a chronicle chose among others, however as a particular gem which, with its own conventional characteristics and exceptional implications, exists in itself. All through his vocation, he maintained his own way of thinking of distinction and suddenness in the photographic procedure. He feels that you must act naturally and you need to overlook yourself so as to find the specific moment and position from which the picture taker separates a snapshot of significance from progressing existence6. In this manner brings about a style established in the own picture takers character and critique. It is in 1955 that the collection Les Europeens, considered and spread out by Teriade, with a spread page by Juan MirF3, was distributed. This piece introduced a thick representation of an Europe where, ten years after the war, collected vestiges, just as hints of craving and wretchedness on people groups faces were still unmistakably obvious. In the introduction, Cartier-Bresson states that whether we are simply passing or settled down in a specific put in, so as to communicate a nation or circumstance, one needs to have by one way or another built up a nearby working relationship, to be upheld by a human network; living ! requires significant investment, and roots come to fruition gradually One must ponder in the taking of Sunday on the Banks of the Marne (Ill. 5), how much time Car tier-Bresson spent identifying with these country townspeople. His position and closeness behind these people recommends an agreeable connection among craftsman and topic. This closeness is considerably progressively obvious in his representation of Henri Mattise, Vence (Ill. 3). The conditions of the picture reveal to us that Cartier-Bresson has permitted us into Matisses home, and most essentially, his life. Compositionally is the place Cartier-Bresson sparkles. He tends to have his essential subjects; conventional people, in emotional development, subsequently delineated in Place de lEurope (Ill. 1), Hyeres (Cover), and Siphnos (Ill. 4). This every so often brings about the obscuring of the subject, bringing about an outline. This anyway separates the subject to turn into the point of convergence of the sythesis, and revives the second itself. The previously mentioned photos additionally exhibit his capacity of catching a second from twenty to thirty feet away, without losing its power. This capacity of his, to freeze individuals in the most exceptional or phenomenal of conditions, makes a practically dreamlike air admist the image plane. Henri Cartier-Bresson is steady with the style of The Magnum Agency, which he helped to establish with individual photojournalists Robert Capa, Chim and Rodger significant levels of difference and far off shots, where solid piece is just enhanced by its convincing topic. This is obvious in Rene Burris Tien A Men Square. Anyway Cartier-Bresson clearly uses railings and vertical redundancy inside his pieces all the more adequately. It is this reiteration that permits him to explain a photographs point of convergence. The picture taker was motivated basically by Kertesz, whose affectability and character stayed prevailing inside his work depite its wide distribution and commision. Cartier-Bressons most enthralling work has been done on his movements, and are unexpectedly strategically or socially charged. Since 1932 and his f irst Leica: Spain and Italy, which he visited specifically with Andre Pieyre de Mandiargues, he has brought back photos since gotten life-changing. In France, the experience of the Front Populaire and paid get-aways in 1937, which he covers intently, offers an expressive and growing guarantee to his work7. After 1955, his assortment is enhanced with new ventures, specifically to Germany, and to East-Berlin in 1962. His book Images a la Sauvette was distributed in 1952 in Paris (The Decisive Moment, New York) and in 1955 he created The Europeans. His way of thinking of the conclusive second brought about his effect on Robert Doisneau, Willy Ronis, Izis and Edouard Boubat8. ! Consider the organization of Doisneaus Three Children in the Park (1971)- a Classical sculpture offers route to the three lively youngsters out there. Like Cartier-Bresson, there is a grand enchantment at work; the modest subjects become predominant inside their unbalanced environmental factors. Henri Cartier-Bre ssons work, now and again, has all the earmarks of being a fantasy. Have these minutes truly existed, these groups truly met, these banners calling individuals to battle truly been posted, these kisses truly been traded, these plates truly been utilized, these experiences truly happened? The characters, faces, appearances, attire, view, boulevards, houses, the methods of moving, of tending or twisting an arm, have changed such a great amount over 50 years, it seems as though we are the inheritors of history composed directly in front of us. Everything would be nevertheless figment, on the off chance that it were not for the move of film, which goes steadfastly to save an everlasting follow Twenty years prior, Cartier-Bresson put down the camera and continued where he began painting and drawing. Photography is to placed in a similar view the head, the eye and the heart Henri Cartier-Bresson. .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .postImageUrl , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:hover , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:visited , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:active { border:0!important; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:active , .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ue27aaee57c3ea34 2b031f8e3cbea73c1 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ue27aaee57c3ea342b031f8e3cbea73c1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Romeo And Juliet Star Crossed Lovers Essay REFERENCES 1 Clair, Jean, Henri Cartier-Bresson, http://www

Selecting the new bloggers!

Selecting the new bloggers! Perhaps the second most exciting time of the year (after selecting the incoming class) is the selection of the new bloggers. And now, with freshman orientation quickly approaching, that time of year is upon us! As has become the tradition, the blogger selection committee will include this years senior bloggers: Laura and Lulu. Our objective will be to select bloggers for the site who will reflect the MIT culture, the excitement, enthusiasm and diversity of MIT. Without any further ado, heres this years app Blogger Application 2008 All current MIT undergraduates are welcome to apply. We hope to hire 3 incoming freshmen and perhaps a couple juniors and seniors (we do not plan to hire a sophomore, but will not rule it out). To be considered for a blogger position, you should email me by Saturday, August 16, 2008 and provide the following: Blog/writing stuff Provide a link to your portfolio. This will be the single most important part of your application.While you do not need to have a current blog, we have found that students who already keep blogs are the most active bloggers and best make the transition to being public bloggers for the MIT Admissions program. While we cannot say for certain that we will only hire someone with an active blog, we will have a preference for folks who do have active blogs. If you do not currently keep a blog, you may wish to start a new blog and start writing over the next couple weeks. Or, you may just submit a portfolio of writings. If you do have a current blog, please send a link to it. If your blog is locked/protected, please also include a way for the committee to read the entries youd like us to see. (You dont need to clean it up we will understand that a very public, unlocked site would contain different writing than a locked, personal journal) If you post regularly on any admissions (or related) forums such as College Confidential, please provide URLs and username/screenname/etc. (If you dont, no worries I dont do this, either) Biographical stuff Tell us your major, or (for freshmen) possibilities of your major. Tell us what activities hope to become involved with at MIT, or (for upperclassmen) what youre currently involved with on campus. Let us know your living group. For freshmen, tell us which dorm youve been temped in. For upperclassmen, tell us where you live, and, if applicable, any FSILG affiliations. Short Answer Essays Short answer #1 In a paragraph or two, describe why you want to be an admissions blogger and what unique things you feel youll contribute to the program. Short answer #2 (please choose one of the following). Option A: In a paragraph or two, describe to us a YouTube video, and why it is the single most important piece of art ever created. (Please include its URL) Option B: Create and submit MIT Admissions blog-related Lolcats (or Lolbeavers, or Lolsnivelys, or). Submit a minimum of 2 and maximum of 4. [for the curious, links to previous blogger applications: 2007 2006] If you have any questions, feel free to comment below.

A Historical Analysis Of August Wilson - 1946 Words

As Sam Pollard, director of the PBS special - August Wilson: The Ground of Which I Stand, asserts, August Wilson may be regarded as an American Shakespeare, for â€Å"his body of work really covers the whole 20th century of American history†¦and there is no other American playwright who did that body of work over a period of time.† (American Masters, August Wilson: The Ground of Which I Stand) While such grand comparisons may or may not be merited, August Wilson’s Pittsburg Cycle stands as a literary, historical, and cultural feat in which Wilson illustrates, teaches, and preserves the African American experience through an exploration into the poetics of the Blues. No literary scholar would deny this claim; and this assertion remains completely†¦show more content†¦You don t sing to feel better. You sing cause that s a way of understanding life.† CUTLER: â€Å"That’s right. You get that understanding and you done got a grip on life to where you can hold your head up and go on to see what else life got to offer.† MA RAINEY: â€Å"The blues help you get out of bed in the morning. You get up knowing you aint alone. Tire’s something else in the world. Something’s been added by that song. This be an empty world without the blues. I take that emptiness and try to fill it up with something.† (Wilson, 82-83) In this respect, the blues functions as a means of moving through suffering. Just as musicians in the band play the blues, the blues makes instruments out of the musicians. Levee, a brash trumpeter, wants to move on from traditional blues music and into more energizing Jazz, an increasingly popular genre. Levee wants to neglect the past, and the blues function as a reawakening to the dark reality of African American history. Being fully cognizant of one’s ancestral origins and how understanding how it may help in the present is ultimately not important to Levee – â€Å"I know he ain’t talking about me. You don’t see me running around with no bone in my nose.† (Wilson, 32) Larry Neal, the author of â€Å"The Black Arts Movement† published in Drama Review, elaborates on this connection between the Blues and history: â€Å"History, like the blues, demands that we witness the painful events of our prior lives; and thatShow MoreRelatedPolice Chie f August Vollmer s Contributions Of Modern California Law Enforcement1014 Words   |  5 PagesPolice Chief August Vollmer’s Contributions to Modern California Law Enforcement With the on-going development of the United States throughout the 1900’s, the evolution of crime and the need to address it also continued to progress. New advances in technological equipment (and application) continued to spread throughout the country in all common areas of life. New ideas about crime and the way to successfully address would also need to take shape. August Vollmer was one of the key individualsRead MoreThe United States and World War I Essay1703 Words   |  7 PagesA. Plan of the Investigation When the First World War erupted in Europe on July 28, 1914; President Woodrow Wilson formally proclaimed that the United States would remain neutral on August 4, 1914. However, the United States did not stick to this proclamation, and eventually became involved in the war efforts. This investigation aims to evaluate the reasons the United States violated their neutrality in order to join the war. In inquiring into the reasons of the United States’ entry into the warRead MoreMasculinity And Self Determination And Aggression1445 Words   |  6 Pagesattainment of success and status, self-determination and aggression (Clark). August Wilson was born in 1945 and was a play writer of America who composed work consisting of a chain of ten dramas, known as The Pittsburgh Cycle. Each play of the chain was written about a different era which represented the catastrophic and amusing features of African Americans in the previous century. African American masculinity was portrayed by Wilson in his different plays to lessen the negative image of black males inRead MoreSocial, Political, And Family Issues On August Wilson s Fences1596 Words   |  7 PagesSocial, Political, and Family Issues in August Wilson’s Fences August Wilson’s Fences depicts life in the 1950s for a typical African American family. The play touches upon racism, shifting family dynamics, and the politics of war. While racism plays an important and vital role in the play, instead of lamenting the issue, Wilson uses the characters as a weapon against the rampant racism of the time. In the same fashion, the relationship between Troy, Rose, and Cory demonstrates the shifting culturalRead MoreThe Boundary Conditions For A Case Study779 Words   |  4 Pageswriting about the entire universe (Merriam, 2009). â€Å"A case study is an in-depth description and analysis of a bounded system† (Merriam, 2009, p. 40). According to Merriam, (2009), â€Å"single most defining characteristic of case study research lies in delimiting the object of study, the case† (p. 40). The presidential resignation of Richard Nixon on August 8, 1974, was a first for the United States (Wilson, 1976) and has the leadership potential for categorization as particularistic case study (MerriamRead MoreAugust Wilson3685 Words   |  15 PagesAugust Wilson: Poet, Playwright, and So Much More August Wilson is a man who, outside of the theatrical world, is not very well known. Yet there are those, like Paul Carter Harrison, who would rank him in the same artistic continuum as Langston Hughes, Toni Morrison, and Thelonius Monk.1 When I began research on August Wilson I asked myself, so what? So what if hes won awards and recognition? What has he done to merit them? What makes this man important enough to do a research paperRead MoreMedia Report : Ferguson On The Ultimate Struggle Over Race, Power And Privilege3021 Words   |  13 Pagesfully understood outside the context of the social, historical, political and economic ideologies that shape the United States. I chose to critique two news reports each from different news sources, including The New York Times (NYT) and The Washington Post (TWP). Each news report focuses on different incidents which took place during Ferguson’s upheaval in the summer of 2014. 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Another major part of the archaeological investigations that took place at this site involved looking at the historical texts available from the time period, as they provide insight into what lies buried in the main tomb area, and using them to obtain an estimation of what archaeologists will find. According to some of the most reliable records â€Å"the emperor was laidRead MoreSocial Media Activism, Centered On Police Brutality1180 Words   |  5 Pagesis Not a Moment, but a Movement†, n.d.). In 2014, activists spread the â€Å"Hands Up. Don’t Shoot.† (#DontShoot) campaign, centered on Michael Brown, an African-American young man, who was shot and subsequently killed by a white police officer back in August 2014. â€Å"Witness accounts spread after the shooting that Brown had his hands raised in surrender, mouthing the words â€Å"Don’t shoot† as his last words before being shot execution-style. The gesture of raised hands became a symbol of outrage over mistreatment

History of Sexuality - 3607 Words

| | | A Historical Critique of Homosexual Exclusions from the Armed Forces using the concepts of Michel Foucault From 1989 to 1999, the time period of the Clinton Administration, a homosexual force entered the American consciousness. Court cases and rhetoric of the 80s incited a discourse in which homosexuality was re-articulated, re-negotiated, and unmistakably re-repressed (Davis 3). Supreme Court judgment and actions taken by Congress with the Dont Ask, Dont Tell policy exemplify theories of sexuality and power expressed in the philosophies of Michel Foucault. Foucault was a French-born†¦show more content†¦Foucault saw the importance of the matter to lie in how the discourse on sexuality in our culture has paradoxically produced repression. Repression in modern society is a complex process. Foucaults work divides pre-modern sexual acts from modern sexual identities and sexualities (Lochrie 86). Foucault explained that the discussion of sexuality itself was restricted in a few areas. After the eighteenth century he noted an institutional incitement to speak about [sex]... a determination on the part of the agencies of power to hear it spoken about, and to cause it to speak through explicit articulation and endlessly accumulated detail (18). This proliferation of discourse had the effect of increasing encroachment of state law onto the issue of private sexuality. Foucaults analysis was considered radical. This aspect of societal repression and subsequent obsession plays an important role in understanding the reactionary political movements concerning homosexuals in the military. This will be examined after a discussion of the functions of sexuality and power. In The History of Sexuality, this examination also focused on the functions of sexuality and power. He created the term Biopower, which refers to the regulation of subjects by the state. 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Similarly, sexuality cannot free itself from relations of power (Butler 1989:603). Indeed, the body is culturally contested; it is incapable of independence from any particular structuralized narrative. The ubiquitous yet uncertain subject of sex,Read MoreThe Controversial History Behind Sexuality1951 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout history, sexuality has been an extremely discussed and disputed topic. In the United States, views on gays and lesbians have fluctuated as social norms changed and adapted rapidly as the nation grew into a major international superpower. Even today, the topic of sexuality is one of the most controversial and progressive movements sweeping the country as more and more states pass laws allowing the marriage of gay and lesbian couples. This essay will attempt to delve into the controversialRead MoreA Long History Of Sexuality Is Conditioned And Inhibited By A Complicated History1402 Words   |  6 Pagesthink about sexuality is conditioned and inhibited by a complicated history and, to make our problems worse, that history is in the power of those who have necessarily been antagonistic to women for a very long time. Males generally have been economically and socially superior to women since they became the primary producers and possessors of private property.† (Murphy Robinson, 1984: 251) One of Western societies biggest social taboos is sex. Even more so, there is a long history of repressedRead MoreThe Perception of Human Sexuality throughout History1030 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history it is evident that human sexuality changes do to religious, governmental and societal influences. The perception of human sexuality has gone through many changes such as being very open and unlabeled activity; to being very â€Å"conservative† and a topic that shouldn’t be talked about in public or at all. In any case, human sexuality has always been a topic of interest because humans are sexual beings who want to understand the consciousness of themselves as male or female and seeRead More The Introduction to the History of Sexuality by Foucault Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Introduction to the History of Sexuality, Foucault explains how during the 19th century with the raise of new societies, the discourse or knowledge about sex was not confronted wi th repulsion but it â€Å"put into operation an entire machinery for producing true discourses concerning sex† (Foucault 69). In fact, this spreading of discourse on sexuality itself gives a clear account of how sexuality has been controlled and confined because it was determined in a certain kind of knowledge that carriesRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Sexual : A History Of Sexuality Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesThe Importance of Being Sexual: A History of Sexuality Sex is the force that drives the continuation of humanity, and sexuality is an integral part of human life. Next to survival, the most primitive primal human instinct is sex. Sexuality is something carnal and pervasive, something that is responsible for and touches the lives of everyone. Understanding its history, its relativity to culture and era, and its fluidity of meaning is vital to gaining and composing a full understanding of the behaviors

Coastal Managment Free Essays

A coastal environment (Small/Regional Scale) the processes affecting this coast, Its landforms and Its management Key Questions from the GEESE syllabus: Key Questions from the GEESE syllabus: Why do coastal processes need to be managed? How are coastlines managed? Why does coastal management create controversy? The Forth-Hymnals coastline Is an area currently undergoing a major change In the way It Is managed. Your task is to find out: 1. A description of the location of this stretch of coastline 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Coastal Managment or any similar topic only for you Order Now What coastal features are found along this stretch of coastline 3. What management strategies are being developed 4. Why they are being developed 5. Collect a set of specific facts about the management strategies 6. Who will benefit from the new strategies 7. Who will be disadvantaged by the new strategies Your research must have all of this information, as the exam board may ask a case study question on any of the above aspects of this case study. You will be writing a timed Case Study answer following this work, which will only use part of your research information: For a named area of coastline, describe the management strategies being used and explain how different groups of people will be affected. Your work will be assessed using the case study Mark scheme My Hymnals Coastal management Case Study 1) A description of the location of this stretch of coastline Site Location – The site location on the beach on the seaward side of lower forth village Hymnals is located In Wales 8 miles (1 3 km) north of Abernathy and It Is 1. 5 miles north of forth. The Hymnals coast line stretches over 2 miles and Is located In the county of Correction . Hymnals is situated right next to a number of small towns and is unconnected to the main road the AAA. ) What coastal features are found along this stretch of coastline To the north of this coast lies a large estuary with a embryonic split occurring towards the mouth of the estuary. A spit is formed from alongshore drift moving material along the beaches and the material is deposited and overtime the spit forms a right angle shape 4. Waves cannot get past a spit, which creates a extends about km from the southern side of the defy estuary. T he main line of the spit is formed by gravels that are exposed at high water level along the southern part f the spit. 3) What management strategies are being developed? Work began early autumn 2010. The aim of Correction council is to protect the beaches from erosion and flooding and the surrounding communities. On cardigan bay there are around 1500 homes and about 7000 to protect from the natural elements of living near to and visiting the coast. Forth village has developed on a mobile shingle beach with many properties built on the beach, this means it is more vulnerable to flooding. Wooden Grosses Grosses protect against alongshore drift and backwash which means the beach will be fee from erosion and the beach material being washed downer by alongshore drift. In the ass’s Correction county council built some wooden grosses and breastwork defenses however they have recently been deemed as coming to the end of their life and there then was a further need for protection of the km frontage. Rock Grosses Constructed near the Craig y Delay cliffs to the south of forth. Grosses do not add extra material to a beach, but merely retain some of the existing sediment on the updraft side of the grosses At the southern end Another strategy to protect against erosion from the waves the council built a series of onshore rock breakwater grosses. The grosses are mm long each Greene is followed by a breakwater. The rock grosses are made of rock obviously and commonly are basalt. â€Å"Two rock grosses and two rock breakwaters will be placed at intervals along the beach, and these will retain the shingle, in much the same way as the timber grosses do now. † – Correction council The present coastal defenses were designed in the sass, and the timber grosses and breastworks directly fronting the village were constructed in stages urine the early sass’s, with the grosses reducing the alongshore drift of sediment, and the breastwork providing a back stop to protect the shingle bank on which so much of Forth has been founded. The Multi-Purpose Reef The multi-purpose reef is located mm offshore which will be unobstructed and only to be seen when the shore is out. The idea is that the waves brake over the reef which will reduce the energy in the waves so they arrive at the beach with less force therefore reducing the amount of erosion and to encourage the development of a broader beach inshore. The reef has been created to protect the shingle beach from erosion however it has created a better surfing facility and so encouraging surfers to the area. Beach Nourishment â€Å"Sand and shingle will be placed on the beach to increase its width. This will provide Forth Village with more protection from incoming waves, as waves will be breaking further offshore and they will therefore have a wider beach over which their energy is released. † – Correction council Beach nourishment took place along all of the lower forth village frontage. The shingle was imported and placed along the village frontage to create a stable beach. Along the village frontage , the aim was to create and sustain a shingle beer with a minimum crest width of mm. Multipurpose reef – The reasons behind the construction of the multipurpose reef is to encourage the waves to brake on the reef and so losing their energy out offshore so when they reach the beach they have little energy therefore minimizing the chance of erosion by hydrophilic action. Another benefit of the reef is that it provides a very good surfing facility as it acts to focus and shape the waves to improve curability. The final aim of the reef was to encourage a wider beach inshore which is nether coast protection component. Beach Rock Grosses and Rock Breakwaters They placed to rock Grosses and two break waters in intervals along the beach which will stop long shore drift and protect the shingle beach the same as the timber ones but obviously much more durable. Beach Nourishment Sand and shingles will be bought by Correction council and deposited on the beach to extend its width. This therefore will increase the protection of Forth village from the incoming waves as they will be breaking further offshore and also have more beach for the waves to break their energy down on. 5. Collect a set of specific facts about the management strategies See within questions three and four 6. Who will benefit from the new strategies There are many people who will benefit for example The Locals It has become evident throughout my research that there is a main concern concerning this locals and the protection of their homes and businesses. All the protection elements of the scheme aim to protect against the erosion of the beaches which would eventually get further inland and destroy their homes. Tourists The beach nourishment means that there is a wider beach therefore making it deter for tourists as there will be more room for more people and the beach will be more appealing to them. Also the construction of the multi purpose reef means there is a better surf facility for surfer visiting the forth coastline. Entrepreneurs of Forth and Hymnals Inevitably the Attraction of tourists to the beaches will benefit the local shop owners and restaurant owners and also holiday makers as there will be more people interested in visiting forth and hymnals because of the better coast conditions and so therefore more people to spend money in the local businesses How to cite Coastal Managment, Papers

The Scarlet Letter - Summary Essays - English-language Films

The Scarlet Letter - Summary Hester Prynne was a beautiful, young, tall woman with shiny dark hair, piercing black eyes, and a beautiful complexion. She was living in Amsterdam with her husband, Roger Chillingworth, until he sent her to America alone while he cleared up business matters. In America, Hester had a love affair with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale and realized she was pregnant with his baby. Nobody realized who the father was, so the Reverend couldn't be punished. However, Hester was forced to wear a large scarlet A(representing Adultery) on her dress. It was a well-known symbol, so everybody knew she had committed adultery and were astonished. This was because adultery was a sin explained in the Seventh Commandment. Hester felt ashamed. After she completed community service, she truly learned her lesson and her citizens accepted her once again. She was also permitted back into Boston after her daughter married and the father of the baby died. She then became a reverend figure whom people confided in and received sympathy from. Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale was young, very pale, and his body was fragile. He had large, caring eyes and a sweet, youthful personality women adored. He was shy and mainly kept to himself. Reverend Dimmesdale was deeply loved by his congregation because of his emotional way of speaking. Being a well-educated, trustworthy, highly admired pastor, no one suspected him to be the father of Hester's baby. Finally, his conscience fell into play and he admitted to his sin. Immediately after confessing, he passed away. Roger Chillingworth was Hester's husband. He was small and thin with dim eyes, a wrinkled face, and deformed shoulders(one was higher than the other). To me, he made an awkward couple with Hester, considering she was considered gorgeous. After he cleared his business matters in Amsterdam, he attempted to join his wife, Hester Prynne, in America. However, he was captured by Indians. By the time he reached his wife, 2 years since he last saw her, she was already up on the scaffold. He visited her in prison and pleaded for her not to reveal the fact he was her husband. He'd be ashamed to marry a disgrace people looked down on. However, he too should have been ashamed. He also committed sins. The first was marrying Hester. Although she had no desire to become hitched to him, he ignored that fact. The love was unrequited. The other sin was when he judged Reverend Dimmesdale and spent hours scheming up plots to make him lose his sanity, while he pretended to be his loyal friend. Pearl was the illegitimate daughter of Hester and Reverend Dimmesdale. Her name was chosen because she was brought into the world at a great price and she's ?all Hester had?. She was a beautiful girl with ?a bright complexion, eyes possessing depth and glow, and glossy, shiny hair.? She was graceful and had perfect shape. Her personality was just as perfect. She was extremely smart, imaginative, and determined, so she was most likely to be a huge success. She al so showed responsibility. When Hester intentionally tried to lose her scarlet A, it was Pearl who insisted Hester kept it. She was significant because she was a reminder of Hester's love affair and sins. When Chillingworth died, Pearl got a large inheritance. At the end of the book, Pearl was supposedly living in Europe with a member of the nobility as her husband. However, nobody knew exactly where she had gone. The mysterious letters that arrived at Hester's cottage gave the townspeople only vague hints. Master Brackett was the keeper of the prison. He was old with dim eyes and a wrinkly face. He was mentioned only for a short amount of time in the book. He brought Roger Chillingworth to Hester while she was in prison. Also, he smiled and nodded at Pearl and Hester while everybody waited for the Election Day festivities to begin. The Commander was the captain on the ship Hester and Reverend Dimmesdale hoped to board. He was in his middle ages. He made Hester realize Roger Chilling worth would be sailing with Pearl, Reverend Dimmesdale, and Hester herself. Governor Bellingham was the one who witnessed Hester's punishment on the

How Small Business Drives US Economy

How Small Business Drives US Economy What really drives the U.S. economy? No, it is not war. In fact, it is small business firms with fewer than 500 employees that drives the U.S. economy by providing jobs for over half of the nations private workforce. In 2010, there were 27.9 million small businesses in the United States, compared to 18,500 larger firms with 500 employees or more, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. These and other statistics outlining small business contribution to the economy are contained in the Small Business Profiles for the States and Territories, 2005 Edition from the Office of Advocacy of the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). The SBA Office of Advocacy, the small business watchdog of the government, examines the role and status of small business in the economy and independently represents the views of small business to federal government agencies, Congress, and the President of the United States. It is the source for small business statistics presented in user-friendly formats and it funds research into small business issues. Small business drives the American economy, said Dr. Chad Moutray, Chief Economist for the Office of Advocacy in a press release. Main Street provides the jobs and spurs our economic growth. American entrepreneurs are creative and productive, and these numbers prove it. Small Businesses Are Job Creators SBA Office of Advocacy-funded data and research shows that small businesses create more than half of the new private non-farm gross domestic product, and they create 60 to 80 percent of the net new jobs. Census Bureau data shows that in 2010, American small businesses accounted for: 99.7% of U.S. employer firms;64% of net new private-sector jobs;49.2%   of private-sector employment; and42.9% of private-sector payroll Leading the Way Out of the Recession Small businesses accounted for 64% of the net new jobs created between 1993 and 2011 (or 11.8 million of the 18.5 million net new jobs). During the recovery from the great recession, from mid-2009 to 2011, small firms led by the larger ones with 20-499 employees accounted for 67% of the net new jobs created nationwide. Do the Unemployed Become Self-Employed? During periods of high unemployment, like the U.S. suffered during the great recession, starting a small business can be just as hard, if not harder than finding a job. However, in March 2011, about 5.5% or nearly 1 million self-employed people – had been unemployed the previous year. This figure was up from March 2006 and March 2001, when it was 3.6% and 3.1%, respectively, according to the SBA. Small Businesses Are the Real Innovators Innovation – new ideas and product improvements – is generally measured by the number of patents issued to a firm. Among firms considered â€Å"high patenting† firms – those being granted 15 or more patents in a four-year period small businesses produce 16 times more patents per employee than large patenting firms, according to the SBA. In addition, SBA research also shows that increasing the number of employees correlates with increased innovation while increasing sales does not. Do Women, Minorities, and Veterans Own Small Businesses? In 2007, the nation’s 7.8 million women-owned small businesses averaged $130,000 each in receipts. Asian-owned businesses numbered 1.6 million in 2007 and have average receipts of $290,000. African-American-owned businesses numbered 1.9 million in 2007 and have average receipts of $50,000. Hispanic-American-owned businesses numbered 2.3 million in 2007 and have average receipts of $120,000. Native American/Islander-owned businesses numbered 0.3 million in 2007 and have average receipts of $120,000, according to the SBA. In addition, veteran-owned small businesses numbered 3.7 million in 2007, with average receipts of $450,000.

How to Write a College Essay That Shares Your Passion

How to Write a College Essay That Shares Your Passion When coaching my college essay clients on how to write a college essay, I always tell them to talk about their real passion and to tell their real story – not to talk about what they think other people want them to talk about. In that vein, today, I’d like to share three of my favorite things with you. One is a recipe, one is a book, and one is a blender. They are all related. And they have little to do with job search or LinkedIn, but they have everything to do with commitment and passion. You could say this is what I might write about for a supplemental college essay, if I were writing one. One of the things that is most important to me in my life, besides writing and personal growth, is health and wellness. I’ve written articles that include kale references, and I blogged on July 17th about the value of regular exercise for productivity. What I put into my body is extremely important to me, and I’ve recently been excited by a book I stumbled across: Zero Belly Smoothies It was love at first sight, and have spent many a Saturday afternoon trying out the recipes that grace its pages. The book, which is now my smoothie bible, has not left its spot next to my Blendtec blender since I started my craze. Chocolate Decadence You might not know this, but smoothies are one of the best ways to get nutrients into your system – they make a great breakfast and are also the perfect replenishment after a workout. I drink them for both occasions! The best thing is that they can be both healthy and delicious. Did you know that you can put black beans, avocado, and banana in a smoothie and make it taste like a rich dessert, while getting 25g of protein? I didn’t, until a few weeks ago. And my life has been transformed. To share my joy over the above-mentioned potion, I’m giving it to you here. You can find this delectable recipe and more at Zero Belly Smoothie Recipes for Breakfast, Lunch and Dessert. RECIPE: Chocolate Decadence Smoothie 1/2 banana (preferably peeled and frozen) 1/4 ripe avocado, peeled, pitted, and quartered 1/4 cup black beans 1/2 cup unsweetened almond milk 1/4 cup chocolate plant-based protein powder 6 ice cubes Water to blend (optional) 300 calories, 9 g fat, 34 g carb, 11 g fiber, 9 g sugar, 25 g protein I also particularly like Zero Belly’s Velvety Elvis smoothie, which includes banana, spirulina, and almond butter. What a treat – and it looks like the ocean! But I can’t find it on the internet and dare not violate any copyrights. Plus I really think everyone with any interest in smoothie creations must buy the book. Of course, you’ll need a blender to do these recipes justice. Whole food smoothies, sadly, cannot be made by hand. Not a Blender Fan? You might be lamenting, â€Å"My blender smells like rubber anytime I make it work hard.† Or, â€Å"My blender is so hard to clean!† or â€Å"My blender leaves big chunks of food in my drink. ‘Smooth’ is the last word I’d use to describe the sludge my blender produces.† Or you might be saying mournfully, â€Å"I have an awesome blender I paid hundreds of dollars for and it’s sitting there on my kitchen counter, next to my unused juicer. I’ve given up.† If you have a Vitamix or Blendtec blender and it’s wasting away unutilized, it’s time to dust it off and get it cranking! If you have any other type of blender, and you are inspired to get serious about smoothies, it’s worth investing in a good one†¦ either a Vitamix or Blendtec. In my opinion, Blendtecs are the better value. I’ve had mine for years and love it more every day. Another advantage of smoothies is that you can freeze them and have your supply ready for the week; and if you’re on the go, they make a quick 1-minute meal. (I’m not a fan of savory â€Å"lunch† or â€Å"dinner† smoothies, but give those a try if you’re curious.) One of my favorite tricks is how to bring a smoothie onto an airplane (it starts as powder and turns into a nutrition-packed meal)! If you travel for work, bringing â€Å"smoothie packs† along with you is a great way to stay healthy while on the road. Ask me if you want to know more about that. Not Really a College Essay So I didn’t really write a college-essay-worthy essay here, since I would never want any student to give advice in a college application. But have I gotten my excitement across – and provided some insight on how to write a unique college essay? I hope so, and if I’ve transmitted any of that excitement to you, I’d be happy to share more of my favorite recipes privately. They might just change your life too. And if you want more advice on how to write a college essay, check out my article,  How to Write a Great College Application Essay: 2017-18 Common App Prompts, or check out my college admissions services  and work with me one-on-one.

Management 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management 2 - Essay Example The Chairman outlines the activities and financial conditions of the firm in the previous year followed by his/her discussion on hopes and future plans for the firm. In this part of the annual report, the Chairman attempts to explain why the company’s operations resulted in the results mentioned and why it chooses to advance with new projects or policies. In a nutshell, the statement or report is mainly a promise or explanation for company activities by the Chairman and its Board of Directors to the stockholders. However, the questions are: Why do they need the reports? What do the stockholders do with them? And more importantly, what do they do to deserve an explanation? To answer these questions, one has to firstly understand the concept of stockholder’s equity. When an individual goes to the market and buys stocks, he/she basically buys ownership! A corporation is basically a public-owned enterprise. By declaring itself a corporation, the company or enterprise is selling itself to the public. This is done by the company to essentially generate more money and finances. When it becomes a corporation, the company is actually giving the stockholders a right or privilege to vote for the Board of Directors. The elected Board of Directors is then responsible to make decisions about the company and see where and how the company can maximize the profits. The stockholders then gain from the profits. The stockholders do not directly earn the profit but are given dividends instead. These dividends are paid annually, every year except when the company is going in loss to an extent that it even fails to pay back the liabilities it has borrowed. At such times, the liabilities are preferred and paid first and the remaining is given as dividends to the stockholders. To further understand the relationship between the company and the stockholders, Walt Disney Corporation will be used as a case for analysis and descriptive explanation. But, before

Some HR managers assume that money is the most effective reward Essay

Some HR managers assume that money is the most effective reward strategy for increasing the motivation and productivity of all their employees. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement - Essay Example The companies must be offering their employees a positive reward experience and include them in the growth process of the company to be in a win-win situation. The reward structures may be monetary or may be intrinsic. The monetary rewards are one of the most important parts of the reward structure. Assigning values to each employee is one of the most significant jobs of the HR department. The company determines an employee’s value primarily by three ways- according to the skills, performance and their relative value in the job market. The companies have to fix the basic pay of labor and assign the suitable person for the profession. The base pay should compensate the individual with the ongoing value and incentives may be offered as rewards for their performance. (Zingheim & Schuster, March, 2000; Optimizing reward spend, n.d.). In addition to the monetary benefits, the employees look for other benefits from the company. The benefits may range from training & development of e mployees to offering good working conditions. These benefits have acquired importance in the modern business parlance with more and more individuals looking for other benefits than just the payment rewards. The reward structure of a company to a large extent depends upon the corporate goals of the companies. (Reward Strategy, n.d.) The paper presents a debate upon the type of reward strategies of the companies to motivate their employees and concludes upon the most effective one. In this modern era, money alone is not the motivating factor and non-monetary benefits are equally important. In fact, it can be said that non-monetary benefits is the most important strategy followed by companies to motivate their employees. Giving rewards to the employees has assumed great importance because companies all over the world have understood that the employees are the reason for their existence. The reward structure of the company is primarily dominated

Introduction To Organic Functional Groups And Hydrocarbons Biology Essay

Introduction To Organic Functional Groups And Hydrocarbons Biology Essay Hydrocarbons are compounds made up entirely of carbon and hydrogen. The major types of hydrocarbons are alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Alkanes are parent compounds of all organic compounds and only composed of single bonds (C-H and C-C bonds). The linear (non cyclic) alkanes have a molecular formula of CnH2n+2. Alkanes that are cyclic (ring structure) are called cycloalkanes. For every ring that is present, there are two less hydrogen atoms than the equivalent (in terms of number carbons) linear alkane. Alkanes are non-polar and are the least reactive and simplest of all hydrocarbons. This is because alkanes do not have a functional group, which is usually the part of a compound that is reactive. There are very types of reactions that alkanes undergo such as reaction with oxygen and mostly all types of highly combustible substances. Alkanes are important as they are used in heating gases, gasoline, fuel oil, motor oil, jet fuel, paraffin, and many other types of f uels.1 Alkenes are hydrocarbons with functional groups of at least one carbon-carbon double bond. The double bonds are the reactive part of an alkene. Double bonds are stiffer than single bonds and do not allow for rotation and thus create cis-trans (geometric) isomers. Alkenes have a molecular formula of CnH2n and relatively non-polar. Alkenes that are cyclic are called cycloalkenes. The formula that takes into account double bonds and number of rings is CnH2n+2-2(number of rings + number of double bonds). Alkanes are much more reactive than alkanes due to unsaturation (containing double bond) and can undergo combustion, halogen addition, hydrogenation, epoxidation, oxidative cleavage, and other non-specific free radical reactions. Alkenes are used for synthesis of polymers, drugs, pesticides, and other valuable chemicals including ethanol, acetic acid, ethylene glycol, and vinyl chloride. The polymers are important in making a variety of products ranging from plastic bags to car bumpers.1 Alkynes are hydrocarbons with functional groups of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Since the triple bond is linear, there is not geometric isomerism. This is the reason that cyclic alkynes (cycloalkynes) are very rare, and could only be present with eight or more carbons. Alkynes have a molecular formula of CnH2n-2. They are relatively non-polar and virtually insoluble in water. Alkynes have similar reactivity to alkenes and are able to undergo halogenations, hydrogenations, and oxidation. Acetylene is a very important type of alkyne as it is used as fuel for oxyacetylene welding torch and used as industrial feedstock.1 Aromatic hydrocarbons are derivatives of benzene, a singular carbon ring with three double bonds. These compounds look like cycloalkenes but have differing properties. They are very stable due to large resonance energy. It is hard to hydrogenate these compounds to cyclohexane and can be only under forcing conditions. Oxidation also requires specific conditions. Halogenations are possible, but only with the aid of catalysts. Though, they can undergo reaction with chloroform through a series of Friedel-Craft alkylations in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride. Charles Friedel and James Crafts discovered these reactions in 1877 and include alkylation reactions and acylation reactions.2 Alkyl halides alkylate benzene to form alkylbenzenes in presence of Lewis acid catalysts. The alkylation is a part of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction where an electrophile substitutes for a hydrogen atom in an aromatic hydrocarbon to make a carbon-carbon double bond. The acylation part is similar to the alkylation except that the reagent is not an alkyl chloride and is instead an acyl chloride.1 In this experiment, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic compounds were put through various different tests to observe the outcome and help identify the class of an unknown substance. The tests include, physical appearance, odour, solubility in water and cyclohexane, test with bromine, test with aqueous potassium permanganate, and aluminum chloride with chloroform test. The different types of classes result in different products and can be distinguished from one another. The results of the tests on the unknown compound can be matched with the recorded observations of each class to help determine the hydrocarbon functional group of the unknown. Experimental: The experimental procedure carried out for this lab followed the steps listed in the lab manual. Refer to Organic Chemistry Lab Manual Fall 2010-Winter 2011 pages 34-39. It was noted that among alkene and alkyne, an alkene compound was used as these two types of hydrocarbons exhibit very similar properties in terms of reactivity. Results: Table 1: Shows the compounds used to represent each class of hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic compounds) including an unknown compound and blanks. All the compounds were analyzed for their chemical and physical properties and underwent various types of tests and the observations were recorded in the table below. To determine if a reaction occurred, the results of tests on each class were compared to that of the blanks, with a deviation in result leading to show that a reaction occurred. Class: Alkane Alkene Aromatic Unknown Blank Compound Name: n-Heptane 1-Octene Naphthalene #663 (Solvent Only) Molecular Structure: - - Chemical Formula: C7H16 C8H16 C10H8 Physical Appearance Liquid, transparent Liquid, transparent Solid, white, shiny Liquid, transparent - Odour No odour Smells a bit strong No odour Slight odour - Solubility in Water Insoluble Insoluble Insoluble Insoluble - Solubility in Cyclohexane Soluble Soluble Soluble Soluble - Test with Br2in CH2Cl2 Light orange colour, transparent, no reaction Clear solution (transparent), reaction occurred Dark orange colour, no reaction Dark orange colour, no reaction The solution remained brown/orange (control) Illuminate Br2 solution White colour, translucent, reaction occurred (slow) (Not necessary as a reaction was observed with Br2in CH2Cl2) Light orange colour, no reaction Translucent, clear, very light yellow, slight reaction The solution remained brown/orange (control) Litmus Paper Test pH=acidic (paper turned pink) pH= neutral (no change in paper) pH=acidic (paper turned pink) pH=acidic (paper turned pink) Paper stayed the same colour pH=neutral (control) Test with aqueous KmnO4 (Baeyer Test) The solution remained purple (just darkened), no reaction The solution turned brown, reaction occurred The solution remained purple, no reaction The solution remained purple, no reaction The solution remained purple (control) Test with AlCl3 and Chloroform The solution remained white and cloudy, no reaction The solution remained white, no reaction The solution turned blue, reaction occurred The solution turned yellow, reaction occurred The solution was white, and cloudy (control) Discussion: The substances that were used to represent alkane, alkene, and aromatic compounds were n-heptane, 1-octene, and naphthalene, respectively. There was an unknown sample given which was tested alongside the different classes of hydrocarbons in order to deduce the functional group present based on the chemical and physical properties observed. The first test was the test of physical appearance. The alkane, alkene, and unknown products were all clear, transparent, and in liquid form, while the aromatic compound was white in colour, had a shiny texture, and was in a solid state. Colourless and white compounds are thought to be pure organic compounds and since the unknown was a colourless liquid, it was believed to be an organic compound.3 The next test was that of odour. This task was difficult and is not believe to be a reliable test as the presence of a definite smell fluctuated in opinion between different experimenters. Only alkene seemed to have a very distinct and strong smell to it. It was hard to figure out the approximate type of smell of alkene as the compound was whiffed for a brief time due to precautionary safety measurements. Other compounds did not have a strong scent to them. There were two solubility tests that were performed. Firstly, the compounds were tested for solubility in water. All the organic compounds were in soluble in water as water is a polar compound and the organic compounds are non-polar in nature. When water was added to the compounds, there were two distinct layers that formed every time, indicating insolubility. The compounds were then tested for solubility in cyclohexane (cyclic alkane), a non-polar compound. When a few drops of cyclohexane were added, all the organic samples seemed to dissolve readily and no layers were observed. The results observed were expected as all organic compounds are non-polar and would only be able to dissolve in non-polar substances. Since the unknown sample behaved like the alkane, alkene, and aromatic compound in terms of polarity, it was to be concluded that the compound was indeed an organic compound (non-polar). As a safety measurement, all the tests that followed were performed under the fumehood. Also, the whole experiment was performed wearing safety goggles, lab coat, and gloves as many chemicals are corrosive and toxic. The tests performed next also included a control (blank) in order to check for a reaction occurring by comparing the results of the organic compounds to that of the blanks. When the organic compounds were tested with bromine in the presence of CH2Cl2, only alkene sample reacted at first. It was observed that a reaction took place because the control remained a brownish orange colour, while the alkene sample turned clear. This made sense as alkenes readily undergo halogenation reaction (Refer to Figure 1). The bromine addition is usually a stereospecific anti-addition across the double bond of an alkene (1-octene in this case) that could be seen in Figure 2.1 This gave an indication that the unknown was not an alkene. The samples that did not initially react (even after warming) were subjected to illumination with the use of a sun lamp. It was noted that the alkane solution had a reaction occurring as it turned clear compared to the control which was still brownish orange in colour. This was probably due to the radical formation of bromine, from the energy provided by the light, that reacted with the C-H bonds.1 Refer to Figure 3 for a general reaction m echanism. Along with the control, aromatic and unknown compounds did not show a change in colour and remained brownish orange. This could have been due to the fact that bromination is very selective and doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t readily react with aromatic compounds. When the solutions were subjected to a litmus paper test, only alkene and the control showed no change in colour of the paper, concluding that they were of a neutral pH. Meanwhile, alkane, aromatic and unknown compounds all turned pink, showing that they all had an acidic pH. This indicated that there was a reaction due to the illumination of the Br2 affected solutions. This was due to the formation of HBr (a strong acid) after the free radical bromination of alkanes and halogenations of aromatic compounds.3 Referring to Figure 4, there are three major and one minor product formed from the bromination of alkane (n-heptane) as secondary hydrogens are more reactive than primary ones. While in the aromatic, naphthalene compound, the bromine tends to attach to the tertiary carbon (refer to Figure 5). The halogenation of aromatic compound has substitution occurring between a tertiary hydrogen and bromine in order to retain all the original double bonds of the compound. After this test it was concluded that the unknown was more similar to alkane or aromatic compound and definitely not alkene. Figure 1: A sample mechanism showing the addition of halogens to alkenes. First, there is an electrophilic attack by a halogen molecule that results into the formation of a halonium ion and a halide ion. The halonium ion is a three-membered ring with a positive charge on the halogen. The halide ion acts as a nucleophile and attacks the halonium ion from the back to open it up and attach itself to the carbon. This creates an overall anti-addition of halogens to the double bonds. Figure 2: Reaction of 1-Octene (alkene) with Br2 in the presence of CH2Cl2 results into two products. Figure 3: A general sample reaction mechanism of free radical halogenation. The mechanism is broken down into a series of steps that include initiation and propagation. During initiation, halogen (bromine) radicals are formed. Light provides sufficient energy to split a bromine molecule to form two bromine radicals. Propagation is divided into two steps. During the first step, one of the bromine radical reacts with alkane and abstracts hydrogen to form an alkyl radical and HBr (strong acid). In the second step, the alkyl radical reacts with a new molecule of bromine and abstracts a bromine to form a alkyl halogen and bromine radical. Figure 4: Reaction of n-heptane with Br2 results into four different products due to radical bromination. The first product (top most) shown is a minor product because the bromine takes place of a primary hydrogen. The rest of the products are major products because they all replace a secondary hydrogen. The more substituted the intermediate radical, the more stable the product. Figure 5: Halogenation of Naphthalene with a bromine molecule in dichloromethane. This is a substitution reaction which retains all double bonds of the aromatic compound. The organic compounds were all then tested with aqueous potassium permanganate (Baeyer test). The only sample that reacted was the one with the alkene as the solution turned brown when 95% ethanol and 2% potassium permanganate (in a drop-wise manner) were added. The alkene was oxidized and a diol was formed due to a syn addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond (refer to Figure 7).1 This lead to the formation of MnO2 which in turn lead to the brown colour of the solution.3 The alkane, aromatic, unknown, and control all remained purple as there was no reaction. Further oxidation would lead to an oxidative cleavage of the glycol (two hydroxyl groups) to form ketones and aldehydes, which forms acid. This test further proved that the unknown did not have a functional group of an alkene. This whole test is called the Baeyer test as the potassium permanganate is a Baeyerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s reagent, discovered by Adolf von Baeyer, in order to test for presence o f unsaturation (such as double bonds) in a compound. Refer to Figure 6 for a general reaction mechanism. Figure 6: A general sample mechanism of permanganate hydroxylation of an alkene. The hydroxylation occurs with syn stereochemistry. Further oxidation of the product splits a carbon-carbon bond. Figure 7: Reaction of 1-Octene with 2% potassium permanganate in 95% ethanol. Initially, the reaction results into a diol but further oxidation splits the product and leads to formation of an aldehyde. The final test was of aluminum chloride with chloroform test. The aromatic and the unknown compounds were seen to have undergone a reaction as they had a change in colour (blue and light yellow, respectively) while the alkane, alkene, and control solutions remained white and cloudy. Since most of the tests determined that the unknown was not an alkene, this test proves that the unknown is not alkane, either and hence, it is aromatic. Aromatic compounds are known to go through Friedel-Craft alkylation in the presence of a proper catalyst (refer to Figure 8). As observed during the experiment, these types of reactions often yield in vibrant colours due to the delocalization of charge among the aromatic rings of the compound.3 In this experiment, the addition of chloroform to naphthalene with aluminum chloride as a catalyst caused a reaction (refer to Figure 9). Figure 8: A sample general mechanism of Friedel-Crafts Alkylation, an eletrophilic aromatic substitution. During the first step, a carbocation is formed. In the second step, an electrophilic attack from a benzene forms a sigma complex (resonating structure). In the last step, a proton is lost from the sigma complex to reform the aromatic ring to result into a alkylated product of benzene. Figure 9: A reaction of Naphthalene with chloroform in the presence of aluminum chloride in a series of Friedel-Craft Alkylations. Thus, based on the experiment performed and the comparisons made, the unknown sample #663 was found to contain a functional group of an aromatic compound. There were probably some sources of errors while performing the experiment. One of the sources of errors was that the measurements were all taken as an approximate as there were no indicators on the pipettes while transferring liquids and the solid compounds were not weighed. Furthermore, the pipettes that were used to transfer the liquids from the main containers could have been contaminated as they were shared. The impurities were probably the reason for some of the solutions having a very slight change in colour despite not reacting. Questions: R S Figure 104: Shows the structure of (-)-trans-carveol with chiral centers that are circled and labeled as having S or R configuration. Refer to Figure 10. The chiral centers are circled and they are classified as S or R configuration shown by the arrows point to them. Figure 11: Hydrogenation reaction of trans-carveol. The reaction formula translates to C10H16O + 2H2 -> C10H20O. Moles of C10H16O: = mass of C10H16O / molar mass of C10H16O = 27.2g/ 152g/mol = 0.179mol Moles of H2: ratio of C10H16O / H2 = moles of f C10H16O / H2 1 / 2 = 0.179mol / mol H2 H2 = 0.358mol Volume of H2: PV = nRT (1atm)(V) = (0.358mol)(0.08206 L atm K-1 mol-1)(273.15 K) V = 8.02 L Therefore, 8.02103 mL volume of H2 needed for hydrogenate 27.2g of trans à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬carveol at STP. Figure 12: Extensive hydroboration reaction of trans-carveol results into two products. Litmus paper is made up of an indicator called Litmus, which is a water-soluble mixture of 10-15 dyes that are extracted from Lichens and many other types of natural plants such as red cabbage and absorbed onto a filter paper. Litmus paper is used as an acid-base indicator based on pH values. The dyes respond differently to different pH by changing colour. Paper indicates alkaline (basic) solutions by turning blue and indicates acidic solutions by turning red. There are slight variations in colour that relate to different ranges of pH values but blue and red colours are sufficient to determine if a solution is acidic or basic. This test was discovered around 1300 AD by Amaldus de Villa Nova, a Spanish alchemist. A regular use of litmus paper is to test and regulate the pH level in swimming pools and spa.5

Toyota’s Ethics and Quality Assurance

Introduction Ethics and Quality are cornerstones for sustainability and the economic performance of Toyota and other entities within their supply chain. The two play a major role an in Toyotas strategic plan; they are woven in the very fabric of the culture of the organization; and they are integrated in risk management as a part of the contingency plan. This paper seeks to highlight Toyota’s concepts of ethics and quality; their continuous benchmarks for improvement as well as their use of knowledge management throughout their supply chain. Ethics in the Supply Chain As part of my analysis of Toyota’s underlying concept of ethics for supply chain management, the following is five essential values implemented by Toyota: 1. Contribute to the development and welfare of the country by working together, regardless of position, in faithfully fulfilling your duties; 2. Be ahead of the times through endless creativity, inquisitiveness, and pursuit of improvement; 3. Be practical and avoid frivolity; 4. Be kind and generous; strive to create a warm, homelike atmosphere; 5. Be reverent, and show gratitude for things great and small in thought and deed. These values are the guiding principles for their production and supply system. They incorporate three core philosophies: customer first, employee satisfaction and company stability. They have also worked in defining boundaries of the supply chain both internally as well as externally. Quality in the Supply Chain Toyota maintains a commitment by putting customers and quality first, and this means ensuring customer satisfaction through the products and services it offers. With respect to quality, Toyota implements â€Å"jikotei kanketsu†, which is a concept that holds true that defect-free process completion ensures that no defective product leaves any production process. Toyota also strives to preserve and improve quality at the world’s highest level and raise cost competitiveness to support high-quality and sustainable growth. They strive to project years into the future and make intentional earnest steps toward making improvements to each and every process. Total ocus and commitment on these ideas has made possible steady well-documented processes, Toyota’s ability to offer the highest quality products and services at the lowest possible cost, and getting it there in the shortest lead time. Knowledge Management Knowledge can be defined as a synergy framed from experience, values, data, evaluation, and expert insight. Knowledge management is a multi-discipline within an organization that makes the best use of knowledge by making it available, sharing it with everyone, and making sure that it is structured in a highly formalized system in an effort to achieve its stated goals and objectives. Toyotas knowledge management strategy focuses on reducing cost risk, leveraging existing assets to reduce cycle time, improve decision making, develop innovative technology faster, develop solutions to problems quicker, and to increase versatility within the workforce. References Bozarth, C. , & Handfield, R. (2008). Introduction to Operations and Supply Chain Management (2nd ed. ). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Grow Purple Chrome Alum Crystals - Simulated Amethyst

Learn how to grow deep purple or lavender cubic crystals of potassium chromium sulfate dodecahydrate. In addition, you can grow clear crystals around the purple crystals, yielding a sparkling crystal with a purple core. The same technique can be applied to other crystal systems. What You Need: potassium chromium sulfate  (chromium alum)alumwaterclear glass jarstringcoffee filter or paper towelpencil, knife, or stick (to suspend string)spoon or stirring rod Time Required: days to months depending on the  desired size. Here's How: The growing solution will consist of a chromium alum solution mixed with an ordinary alum solution. Make a chromium alum solution by mixing 60 g of potassium chromium sulfate in 100 ml water (or 600 g chromium alum per liter of water).In a separate container, prepare a saturated solution of ordinary alum by stirring alum into warm water until it will no longer dissolve.Mix the two solutions in any proportion that you like. The more deeply colored solutions will produce darker crystals, but it will also be harder to monitor crystal growth.Grow a seed crystal using this solution, then tie it to a string and suspend the crystal in the remaining mixture.Loosely cover the container with a coffee filter or paper towel. At room temperature (~25 °C), the crystal can be grown via slow evaporation for as little time as a few days or as long as a few months.To grow a clear crystal over a colored core of this or any other colored alum, simply remove the crystal from the growing solution, allow it to dry, and then re-immerse it in a saturated solution of ordinary alum. Continue growth for as long as desired. Tips: A saturated solution of pure chrome alum will grow darker crystals, but the solution will be too dark to see through. Feel free to increase the concentration of chrome alum, but be aware that the solution becomes deeply colored.Notice that the chrome alum solution is a dark blue-green, but the crystals are purple!

Questionnaire on Market Potential for Icecream - 1452 Words

‘A STUDY ON MARKET POTENTIAL FOR MILMA ICE CREAM AT PALAKKAD’ Submitted to HARISH UC Submitted by SHINE-M PROFILE OF PALAKKAD DAIRY Malabar Regional Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union Ltd., Kalleppully, Palakkad – 678 005 A BRIEF NOTE ON MRCMPU LTD., PALAKKAD DAIRY INTRODUCTION MRCMPU LTD., Palakkad Dairy is one of the three dairies under Malabar Regional Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union Limited. This dairy came in to existence in 1967 as Palakkad Co-operative Milk supply union limited under the Madras Co-operative societies Act. In 1978†¦show more content†¦For achieving this objective, the Union lays particular emphasis on carrying out the following activities on a commercial scale. 1. The entire volume of milk produced by the farmers is purchased at remunerative prices even in surplus situations. 2. Proper processing and packing of the products are carried out in the dairies owned by the Union to guarantee product quality the consumer. 3. Proper marketing of milk and dairy products are carried out on a daily basis to guarantee consumer satisfaction and thus maximize economic returns for the farmer. Milma ice-cream, is available in a range of lip smacking flavours: vanila, chocolate, mango, strawberry and fruit amp; nut. In addition, our Ernakulam Union also produces and distributes delicious kulfi and cream rolls. The only ice-cream in Kerala market which is manufactured in a dairy, and hence most fresh ice cream. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Exploratory Research: Exploratory Research provides insights into and comprehension of an issue or situation. It should draw definite conclusion only with extreme caution. Exploratory Research is a type of research conducted because a problem has not been clearly defined. 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